ABSTRACT
The removal and defense mechanisms of the respiratory system of patients with pneumoconiosis are impaired. Once patients with pneumoconiosis and other underlying lung diseases are infected with novel coronavirus, they are likely to progress to severe cases with COVID-19, a tough condition with a high mortality and poor prognosis. Herein we presented a case of pneumoconiosis and tuberculosis complicated with severe COVID-19. Active administration of anti-viral, anti-infection, phlegm-removing, anti-asthmatic, and high-flow oxygen therapies did not alleviate the patient's acute respiratory distress syndrome symptoms. Then tracheal intubation, ventilator assisted breathing, and lung protective ventilation were given but did not effectively treat the patient's respiratory failure. Finally, the patient died clinically despite use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Copyright © 2021, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 viral infection is a worldwide pandemic that created a major concern regarding the need for a suitable drug candidate for viral infections. The entire scientific community is putting up their efforts and research to find a proper cure for this. The traditional Indian Siddha system of medicine is one of the oldest forms of medicine, which includes medicine, Varma, alchemy, yoga, and rejuvenation. Method(s): Kabasura kudineer is one of the Siddha herbal preparations that are being recommended by the State government of Tamilnadu, India, for protection against COVID-19. It is recommended due to its claims to have anti-viral properties and other numerous health benefits. Result(s): This article thoroughly examines the Kabasura kudineer, a polyherbal formulation comprising 15 powerful ancient Indian herbals that possess various potential phytochemicals providing numerous therapeutic activities. Also, the review highlights the most important therapeutic benefits of this formulation like anti-viral properties along with other activities such as im-munomodulatory, bronchodilatory, anti-asthmatic, etc., Conclusion(s): The role of Kabasura kudineer against viral diseases, especially the recent COVID-19, is tremendous, and there is a need to enhance further research on this powerful formulation to make it more efficient and useful to the entire people community. Copyright © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Previous studies showed that the effect of antivirals for COVID-19 was promising but varied across patient population, and was modest among severe cases. Chinese Medicine (CM) was extensively used to treat COVID-19 in China. We aimed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of add-on semi-individualized CM during the outbreak. Methods: A retrospective total sampling cohort of 1788 adult confirmed COVID-19 patients were recruited from all 2235 consecutive records retrieved from 5 hospitals in Wuhan during 15 January to 13 March 2020. Consultation notes, laboratory/imaging investigations, pharmacy and prognosis records were linked by an electronic medical record system and verified by at least 2 researchers independently. The mortality of add-on semi-individualized CM users and non-users was compared by inverse probability weighted hazard ratio (HR) and by propensity score matching. Change of biomarkers was compared between groups and the frequency of CMs used was analysed. Subgroup analysis was performed to stratify disease severity and dose of CM exposure. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness. Change of key biomarkers and the prescription were analysed. Results: The crude mortality was 3.8% in the semi-individualized CM user group and 17.0% among the non-users. Add-on CM was associated with a mortality reduction of 58% (HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.77) among all COVID-19 cases and 66% (HR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.76) among severe/critical COVID-19 cases demonstrating dose-dependent response, after inversely weighted with propensity score. The result was robust in various stratified, weighted, matched, adjusted and sensitivity analyses. Severe/critical patients received add-on CM had a trend of stabilized D-dimer level after 3-7 days of admission when compared to baseline. Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and anti-asthmatic CMs were most used. Conclusion: Add-on semi-individualized CM was associated with significantly reduced mortality demonstrating dose-dependent response, especially among severe/critical COVID-19 patients. Chinese medicine should be considered as an add-on regimen for trial use. Keywords: COVID-19;Chinese Medicine;Retrospective Cohort;mortality;